Prediction of clear-air turbulence induced by short gravity waves

Study of Clear Air Turbulence over Iranian Plato

This study was carried out using two sets of numerical weather forecast data and flight reports for Clear Air Turbulence (CAT) over Iranian Plato to find atmospheric flow patterns favorable to the formation of CAT. The numerical data include five months of AVN analysis with horizontal resolution of 1 degree(about 100 km) and four months forecast data of MM5 model with resolution of 50 km. Impor...

Decay of gravity-capillary waves in air/water sheared turbulence

Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) is used to analyze the wave-decay process in a countercurrent air/water turbulent flow. Three dimensionless numbers describe the problem: the Reynolds number Re τ (which measures the importance of inertia compared to viscosity), the Weber number We (which measures the importance of inertia compared to surface tension) and the Froude number Fr (which measures th...

Verification of clear-air turbulence forecasts

Clear-air turbulence in a changing climate

Atmospheric turbulence causes most weather-related aircraft incidents. Commercial aircraft encounter moderate-or-greater turbulence tens of thousands of times each year worldwide, injuring probably hundreds of passengers (occasionally fatally), costing airlines tens of millions of dollars and causing structural damage to planes. Clear-air turbulence is especially difficult to avoid, because it ...

From Topographic Internal Gravity Waves to Turbulence

Internal gravity waves are a key process linking the large-scale mechanical forcing of the oceans to small-scale turbulence and mixing. In this review, we focus on internal waves generated by barotropic tidal flow over topography. We review progress made in the past decade toward understanding the different processes that can lead to turbulence during the generation, propagation, and reflection...